Darwin and Darwinism, Pure and Mixed

Growth, Development and Yield in Pure and Mixed Forest Stands

Objective: Ecosystems with mixed species compared to the ones with pure compositions provide a broader range of options in the fields of biodiversity, conservation, protection and restoration. Nearly all forest plantations are established as monocultures, but research has shown that there are potential advantages to be gained by using carefully designed species mixtures in place of monocultures...

Growth, Development and Yield in Pure and Mixed Forest Stands

Objective: Ecosystems with mixed species compared to the ones with pure compositions provide a broader range of options in the fields of biodiversity, conservation, protection and restoration. Nearly all forest plantations are established as monocultures, but research has shown that there are potential advantages to be gained by using carefully designed species mixtures in place of monocultures...

Darwinism and social Darwinism.

Darwin and Darwinism: the (alleged) social implications of the origin of species.

Most scientific theories, even revolutionary ones, change the practice of a particular science but have few consequences for culture or society at large. But Darwinism, it has often been said, is different in this respect. Since the publication of The Origin of Species, many have claimed that Darwinism has a number of profound social implications. Here, I briefly consider three of these: the ec...

Pure and Mixed Exponential Sums

We obtain explicit formulae and sharp estimates for pure and mixed exponential sums of the type S(f, pm) = ∑pm x=1 epm (f(x)) and S(χ, f, pm) = ∑pm x=1 χ(x)epm (f(x)), where p m is a prime power with m ≥ 2, χ is a multiplicative character (mod pm), and f is a polynomial. For nonconstant f (mod p) we prove |S(χ, f, pm)| ≤ 2d 1 M+1 p m(1− 1 M+1 ) where d is the degree of f and M is the maximum mu...